LoRa-LiSK: A Lightweight Shared Secret Key Generation Scheme for LoRa Networks

Physical-layer security (PLS) schemes use the randomness of channel parameters, namely, state information (CSI) and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to generate secret keys. There has been limited work in PLS long-range (LoRa) wide-area networks (LoRaWANs) which hinder their widespread application. Limitations observed existing studies include requirement high correlation between parameter measurements for key generation proposed evaluation only done either fully indoor or outdoor environments. The real-world wireless sensor (WSNs) LoRa cases might not meet both requirements thus making current inappropriate these systems. By considering limitations found schemes, this article proposes LoRA-LiSK, a practical efficient shared scheme networks. Our LoRa-LiSK consists several preprocessing techniques (timestamp matching, two sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, Savitzky–Golay filter), multilevel quantization, reconciliation using Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes, finally, privacy amplification secure hash algorithm SHA-2. is extensively evaluated on real WSN/IoT devices application scenarios: 1) 2) static mobile links. It outperforms by generating keys with low values (0.2–0.6), while still essentially achieving rates, disagreement rates (10%–20%). updates approximately 1 h an profile transmission rate compared 3 reported works respecting duty cycle regulation. also incurs less communication overhead works.